Thursday, 6 June 2019

What is a Surge Arrester?


Surge arrester generally uses the body and air gap, and surge arrester does not assume system operating voltage, without considering the long-running voltage electrical ageing, also the body failure does not affect operation. when a lightning flash directly strikes the tower, part of the lightning current flows through the grounding wire to the adjacent tower, the other part of the lightning flows into the earth through the tower, grounding resistance of tower manifested transient resistance characteristic, it is generally characterized by the impulse grounding resistance. The lightning current associated with the location and atmospheric conditions, reducing grounding the resistance of tower is the main measures for improving lightning withstand the level of transmission lines without the use of surge arresters. Especially ˈ it is very difficult to reduce grounding resistance in the mountains, which led to line tripping frequently struck by lightning.

After the installation of surge arresters, surge arrester is parallel with insulator. When transmission line being struck by lightning, part of the lightning current flows through the grounding wire to the adjacent tower, the other part of the lightning current flows into the earth through the tower. When there is an excess of lightning current than the action value of the arrester, the current will flow through the arrester. After lightning current pouring, continuous frequency current flowing through the surge arrester is only mA level, the arrester will cut off continuous frequency current in the first zero crossings of current, so dielectric strength fast recover. As such a surge arrester is capable of ensuring that the insulator string flashover does not occur, thus achieve the goal which prevents transmission line lightning trip. Effect of lightning protection with surge arrester on transmission line has been compared with other lightning protection measures. The surge arresters can to a great extent reduce lightning accidents for transmission lines in complex terrain and high soil resistivity area. Distribution network develops rapidly at the present time, a large number of the line put into operation each year, expanding the size of the line increases the probability of lightning trip and created a lot of difficulty in lightning protection work. From the technical economy view, not all towers can be installed by surge arresters, so we should selectively install arresters combined with the line being struck by lightning frequency and landform characteristics and so on. Thus it can be said that the line surge arrester effectively avoids the lightning trip accidents occurring by way of installing line surge arrester after correctly choosing the tower which easily is struck by lightning so that lightning withstands the level of transmission lines has been effectively improved.

Given the current situ
ation in lightning protection work proposed to continue to promote the application of line surge arrester, the effect of line arrester depends on correctly selecting the section or the tower which has chances of stroke. At the same time, a lot of arresters hanging on the towers to a certain extent increase the pressure of maintenance of the line, it should be appropriately controlled the scale.

Friday, 29 March 2019

What is meant by Evaporators?

The evaporator is the heat exchanger where the heat is removed from the system by the boiling of the
refrigerant in the evaporator. Thus it can be said that the heat can be removed from air, water or any other process coolant. The evaporator may be

refrigerant cooling coils in an air stream (Air Handling Unit – AHU) for air conditioning, shell and tube heat exchangers with refrigerant in the tube or shell sides, plate heat exchangers or refrigerant coils submerged in water or brine tanks. The coils are generally of two types: (a) Direct Expansion, wherein regulated quantity of refrigerant liquid is allowed to enter through the expansion valve and the vapour get sucked by the compressor or (b) Flooded, wherein the entire shell or large coil is flooded with refrigerant liquid by gravity from a surge drum or by pumping, the vapour from the boiling liquid move back into the drum and then get absorbed by the compressor. The drum gets liquid refrigerant from a liquid receiver due to the pressure difference. In flooded evaporators, the heat transfer surface is usually wetted with liquid refrigerant. Flooded evaporators usually accumulate lubricating oil and suitable arrangements are provided to drain the oil. Evaporators are designed with parallel tubes to maximize heat transfer area, minimize pressure drop and also ensure adequate refrigerant velocity to facilitate the return of lubricating oil back to the compressor. The oil film formation on heat transfer surfaces can significantly reduce the heat transfer rate. A specific cooler is used when water is required very close to freezing temperature, which comprises vertical tubes or plates, with water trickling down in film form on one side and boiling refrigerant on the other side. The water collects in a tank below. The heat transfer in the evaporator depends largely on the surface area, the fluids involved, the turbulence in the fluid streams and the operating temperature and pressure. The heat transfer coefficients may show variations depending on the evaporator design and refrigerants used. The benefits of Plate Heat


Exchangers (PHHEs) over conventional shell and tube heat exchangers are smaller refrigerant volumes (5 to 20%) due to low internal holding volume, easy access for maintenance and inspection, easier process of heat transfer area by addition of plates, high heat transfer coefficients resulting from the intense turbulence in the plate channels and reduced fouling tendencies and higher reliability. The plate heat exchanger can be designed to have closer approach temperatures i.e. higher evaporating temperature to achieve higher COP. PHEs have been in use for secondary heat transfer to products (especially in food and pharmaceutical industries) for a long time. More recently, PHEs have been also used as evaporators and condensers in refrigeration systems in place of shell and tube heat exchangers. Larger heat transfer area in the evaporator leads to a better heat transfer from the coolant to the refrigerant, resulting in higher refrigerant temperature and pressure and less energy consumption. The Heat transfer area can be increased in heat exchangers by providing more tubes or larger number of smaller tubes or by surface area enhancement techniques like the use of grooved tubes, finned tubes, helical wire inserts in tubes etc. At certain limits, the coefficient of heat transfer can be increased by operation at higher process coolant velocities.

Thursday, 28 April 2016

WQC Institute of MEP offers 100% job oriented courses with opportunities in India and abroad with attractive salary and high reputation. We are one of the leading training institutes in India (Ernakulam, Kerala) with Service in the field of Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing (MEP). WQC Institute of MEP provides quality education and standard training. With your dedication and commitment, you will be able to secure a prospective career.

    HVAC (Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning) Designing & Draughting

    • Introduction to HVAC
    • Psychrometric Chart (York/Carrier Psych Analyser)
    • Kitchen Ventilation ( Hood Design)
    • Car Parking Ventilation (Jet Vent Fan Selection)
    • Toilet Ventilation (Residential & Commercial)
    • Heat Load Calculation(Manual/E-20 & Software_Carrier HAP)
    • Duct Designing Basics(types ,gauge selection ,low medium & high velocity systems)
    • Duct Designing Methods(Equal Friction, Velocity Reduction, Static Regain)
    • Duct Designing Software (McQuay Duct Sizer ,FDuctulator)
    • Duct Comparison and Fabrication Procedures
    • External Static Pressure(ESP) Calculation
    • Air Terminal Selection (Manual & Software-Beta Performance Data)
    • Reducer Selection
    • Refrigerant Pipe Sizing( Graphical method & Software)
    • VRV/VRF system designing (Manual & Software)
    • Coil Selection
    • Chilled Water Systems and Vapour Absorption Systems(VAMs)
    • Chiller Selection
    • Hydraulic Calculations( Manual & Software)
    • Primary & Secondary Pump Selection
    • Chilled Water Pipe Sizing(Manual & Software-McQuay Pipe Sizer)
    • Cooling Tower Selection
    • Stair Well Pressurization System
    • District Cooling System
    • Air Curtain Selection
    • Basic Concepts of Green Building Designing
    • Estimation and Costing
    • ASHRAE,SMACNA,NBC Standards
    • Electrical Designing and Draughting

      • Scope of Electrical Designing & Draughting.
      • Duties and Role of an Electrical Design Engineer and Draughtsman
      • Electrical Generation, Transmission and Distribution general concept.
      • Utilization of Solar Energy for various buildings.
      • Selection of Solar Panels, Solar Regulators, Solar Battery and Inverters and their functioning.
      • House Wiring Concepts.
      • Different Electrical Services: Lighting, Power, Fire Alarm, Emergency lighting Etc.
      • Different types of Equipments and their load as per standard specifications.
      • Symbols and Legends: Lamps, Fan, Exhaust Fan, A/C, Sockets, etc
      • Abbreviations for all type of services.
      • Lux Level Calculation & Different types of lamps like GLS, FTL, CFL, LED, MVL, etc.
      • Load Scheduling (Single house, Apartment, High Rise buildings) common area, open area and load calculations.
      • Cables: Selection, Conductor, strands, cores and Insulation
      • Armored and unarmored cables.
      • Voltage Drop Calculation.
      • Cable Schedule and Conduit selection as per the standards.
      • Switch Gears (Circuit Breakers) Types and Selection.
      • Internal Mechanism and Working of Circuit Breakers
      • Panel Boards (MDB, SMDB, SDB, etc.).
      • Transformer: Type, Internal connections, Selections & losses.
      • Fault level calculations for Transformers.
      • Short Circuit calculations in a building
      • Capacitor Bank (Power Factor Improvement).
      • BUSBAR details and Selection for High Rise Buildings.
      • Cable Tray (Tray cad), Raceway, Trucking, Conduits and Routing.
      • Cable Tray Selection
      • Emergency Lighting: Backup power from UPS & Diesel Generator.
      • Emergency Sign Lighting.
      • Selection of UPS and Generators.
      • Single line Diagram (SLD): Individual, Residential, Commercial, Industrial, hospitalized Buildings
      • Types of Earthing according to the requirements.
      • Introduction to Lightning Arresters.
      • Design Calculations to adopt Lightening Protection system.
      • Close Circuit Television (CCTV): Types of Cameras and Circuiting
      • Public Addressable System (Speakers Selection).
      • Fire Alarm system and load calculation.
      • Electrical Engineers work with HVAC profession (MCC).
      • Communication: TV, Telephone, Intercom & Internet Networking, Types of cables.
      • Types of Drawings: Design Drawing & Shop Drawing
      • Drawing Details: Lighting Layout, Power Layout, Single line drawing (SLD), Emergency Lighting Layout, CCTV Layout, Public Addressable Layout, Fire Alarm System Layout, Communication Layout, Cable Tray Layout, BUSBAR Layout, Bus duct riser drawings.
      • Software’s: CG LUX (Lux Level Calculation), RELUX, Anixter (Cable sizing), Tray-Cad (Cable tray Routing), Master Converter (For conversion).
      • BOQ: Bill of Quantity, Estimation and Costing (Complete project)
      • Green Building Design Implementation.
      • Designing as per Electrical Standards: NEC, BS, DEWA, ADEWA, IEC, NEMA, NFPA etc.

    Friday, 8 April 2016

    Mechanical Engineering Job & job Role

    Mechanical architects give effective answers for the improvement of procedures and items, going from little part outlines to greatly extensive plant, hardware or vehicles.

    They can take a shot at all phases of an item, from innovative work to plan and make, through to establishment and last appointing.

    Most commercial ventures depend on a type of mechanical frameworks and mechanical building is thought to be a standout amongst the most various of all designing teaches. Because of this, there are job opportunities in an extensive variety of segments, including:


    • fabricating
    • control
    • development
    • restorative. 


    Mechanical specialists can be included in the administration of individuals and assets, and in addition the advancement and utilization of new materials and advances.

    Obligations 


    • Extends that mechanical specialists take a shot at can fluctuate essentially, from looking into and creating restorative items, (for example, mechanical hearts), to enhancing generation forms in huge oil refineries or planning benefits inside of structures. 


    • Over all areas, undertakings for the most part include: 


    • Outlining and executing practical gear adjustments to enhance wellbeing and dependability; 


    • Adding to a venture determination with partners, frequently including those from other building teaches; 


    • Creating, testing and assessing hypothetical outlines; 


    • Examining and taking care of complex issues with assembling offices, sub-contractual workers, suppliers and clients; 


    • Ensuring an item can be made dependably and will perform reliably in indicated working situations; 


    • Overseeing extends utilizing building standards and procedures; 


    • Arranging and outlining new generation forms; 


    • Creating subtle elements of determinations and layout outlines; 


    • Suggesting adjustments taking after model test outcomes; 


    • Utilizing inquire about, logical, reasonable and arranging aptitudes, especially scientific demonstrating and PC supported outline; 


    • Considering the ramifications of issues, for example, cost, security and time limitations; 


    • Working with different experts, inside and outside the building division; 


    • Observing and appointing plant and frameworks.

    Monday, 27 January 2014

    Best MEP Institute in Ernakulam, Kerala, India

    WQC Institute of MEP is one of the best MEP institute in Kerala, India, which offers 100% job oriented courses with opportunities in India and abroad with attractive salary and high reputation. We are one of the leading training institutes in Ernakulam, Kerala , India with Service in the field of Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing (MEP). This Institute provides quality education and standard training. With your dedication and commitment, you will be able to secure a prospective career.


    INTRODUCTION TO MEP (Mechanical, Electrical, Plumbing)

    MEP Engineering deals with Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing systems which have a vital role in the building industry.

    Mechanical part includes heating, ventilating and cooling systems often referred to as HVAC. HVAC design is the major sub discipline of Mechanical Engineering based on the principles of thermodynamics, Fluid mechanics and heat transfer. A Building's heating, ventilation and air-conditioning system creates a climate that allows for maximum comfort by compensating for changing climatic conditions. An efficient HVAC Design Engineer must need to know how to make indoor comfort with operational savings and energy efficiency as well as how to create blue prints for projects using computer aided design and drafting systems.
    Electrical Engineering is the branch of Engineering science that specializes in the Electrical design, construction, and practical use of electrical systems. Electrical system design deals with analysis and application of Power transmission and Distribution, Lighting systems, telecommunication, fire alarm systems, Closed Circuit Television and Public addressable systems.

    Plumbing part usually deals with water distribution and drainage systems, CP & Sanitary fixtures orientation design, waste water treatment process and fire fighting systems

    Courses

    * IGBC Exam Training
    * Fire Fighting
    * Plumbing
    * Electrical Designing and Draughting
    * HVAC
             


    ELECTRICAL
    Electrical Engineering is the branch of engineering science that specializes in the Electrical design, construction, and practical use of electrical systems. Electrical system design deals with analysis and application of Power transmission and Distribution, Lighting systems, telecommunication, fire alarm systems, Closed Circuit Television and Public addressable systems.

    This Diploma Certificate program covers the full design and analysis of Electrical Building Services from the fundamentals to Power System design, Wiring and Cable Management Systems, Lighting systems, Earthing Design and Calculations, LV & MV Panels, Transformer and Generator selections, Fire Alarm Systems, HVAC and STP Controlling Systems, Communication systems like Networking, Security Surveillance Systems like CCTV, Access control System etc.


    PLUMBING

    Plumbing design usually deals with water distribution and drainage systems, water efficiency, CP & Sanitary fixtures orientation design, waste water treatment process and fire fighting systems. The plumbing designer is involved with systems that overlap into the mechanical, civil & chemical engineering discipline. Plumbing designer is a key position to influence the water efficiency, sustainable site, energy, fire protection and pollution systems. The future of plumbing designing lies in the ability to design systems with the whole building in mind using, preserving and respecting the natural biospheric earth systems of recycling air,waste,and water.


    HVAC

    Heating Ventilation and Air-Conditioning system design is the major sub discipline of Mechanical engineering based on the principles of thermodynamics, Fluid mechanics and heat transfer. A Building’s HVAC system creates a climate that allows for maximum comfort by compensating for changing climatic conditions. Efficient HVAC Design Engineer must need to know how to make indoor comfort with operational savings and energy efficiency as well as how to create blue prints for projects using computer aided design and drafting systems.
    This Diploma certification program specializes in full analytical load calculations, ventilation system designing, duct designing, air distribution system designing, sizing pipes and pumps, estimation of requirements, and all HVAC equipment selections as per ASHRAE, ISHRAE and SMACNA standards. We offer high quality training in designing and draughting along with cost effective and prompt HVAC design system services. The accuracy and effectiveness in project are the main highlights we are referred to. The training provided by the academy is fruitful as it includes on site training and practical knowledge.


    FIRE FIGHTING

    Fire fighting design deals with fire protection engineering fundamentals, water supply for fire protection, fire extinguishing, fire alarm systems, springler system, fire pump, special occupancies and hazards, and storage of flammable and hazardous materials. A designer should aware about the principles of fire protection engineering, NFPA codes, how to provide adequate water supply for fire protection system different types of systems for fire detection, alarm reporting and evacuation.


    TRAINING FACILITIES

    *        Experienced Engineers as Faculties.
    *        Excellent Materials Provided. (Manuals,  Study Materials, Softwares, Design Chart, Drawings of sample Projects etc).

    *        Placement Assistance.


    For more details,

        Visit Us : www.wqcmepinstitute.com
        Mail Id : wqcmepinstitute@gmail.com
      
    Tel: 0484-6009992
       
    Mob: +91-9645761407

    Kollam Office Contact

       Tel: 0474-3217188

       Mob: +91-8086589007